Skip to content
What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Discourses 1.29 ¶4 — Epictetus

From “On Constancy (Or Firmness)”

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Discourses 1.29 ¶4

But show me that he who has the inferior principles overpowers him who is superior in principles. You will never show this, nor come near showing it; for this is the law of nature and of God that the superior shall always overpower the inferior. In what? In that in which it is superior. One body is stronger than another: many are stronger than one: the thief is stronger than he who is not a thief. This is the reason why I also lost my lamp, because in wakefulness the thief was superior to me. But the man bought the lamp at this price: for a lamp he became a thief, a faithless fellow, and like a wild beast. This seemed to him a good bargain. Be it so. But a man has seized me by the cloak, and is drawing me to the public place: then others bawl out, “Philosopher, what has been the use of your opinions? see you are dragged to prison, you are going to be beheaded.” And what system of philosophy (εἰσαγωγήν) could I have made so that, if a stronger man should have laid hold of my cloak, I should not be dragged off; that if ten men should have laid hold of me and cast me into prison, I should not be cast in? Have I learned nothing else then? I have learned to see that everything which happens, if it be independent of my will, is nothing to me. I may ask, if you have not gained by this. Why then do you seek advantage in anything else than in that in which you have learned that advantage is?
— Epictetus, Discourses 1.29 ¶4 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

Cite this passage

Epictetus, Discourses 1.29 ¶4, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/1.29.4

Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

Read Book I, Chapter 29 in context →

In plain English

AI-written notes

A stronger person can overpower you only in the area where they are actually stronger, such as physical force, not in character. The thief who took the lamp paid with his integrity, and what philosophy offers you is the ability to treat anything outside your own choices as no concern of yours, even when you are seized and dragged away.

Older wording

“εἰσαγωγήν”
— an introduction, a basic course of teaching
“independent of my will”
— outside my own power of choice

Themes and situations

  • What is in our control
  • Justice and fairness
  • Virtue and character
  • Freedom
  • Resilience and endurance
  • Being treated unfairly
  • Losing money
  • Being angry with someone

Quote cards

The opening line of this passage as an image, with its citation — for sharing or keeping.