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What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Discourses 1.7 ¶3 — Epictetus

From “Of the Use of Sophistical Arguments and Hypothetical and the Like”

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Discourses 1.7 ¶3

And the same in hypotheses and hypothetical arguments; for it is necessary sometimes to demand the granting of some hypothesis as a kind of passage to the argument which follows. Must we then allow every hypothesis that is proposed, or not allow every one? And if not every one, which should we allow? And if a man has allowed a hypothesis, must he in every case abide by allowing it? or must he sometimes withdraw from it, but admit the consequences and not admit contradictions? Yes; but suppose that a man says, If you admit the hypothesis of a possibility, I will draw you to an impossibility. With such a person shall a man of sense refuse to enter into a contest, and avoid discussion and conversation with him? But what other man than the man of sense can use argumentation and is skillful in questioning and answering, and incapable of being cheated and deceived by false reasoning? And shall he enter into the contest, and yet not take care whether he shall engage in argument not rashly and not carelessly? And if he does not take care, how can he be such a man as we conceive him to be? But without some such exercise and preparation, can he maintain a continuous and consistent argument? Let them show this; and all these speculations (θεωρήματα) become superfluous, and are absurd and inconsistent with our notion of a good and serious man.
— Epictetus, Discourses 1.7 ¶3 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

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Epictetus, Discourses 1.7 ¶3, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/1.7.3

Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

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In plain English

AI-written notes

A technical discussion of when to accept a hypothesis in an argument and when to withdraw from it. A sensible person should engage in argument but with care, and an untrained person cannot keep an argument consistent.

Older wording

“hypothesis”
— an assumption made for the sake of argument
“speculations”
— theoretical studies
“superfluous”
— unnecessary

Themes and situations

  • Judgements and impressions
  • Learning and progress

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