Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE
Discourses 2.11 ¶3 — Epictetus
From “What the Beginning of Philosophy Is”
Translation by George Long (1877)
Epictetus, Discourses 2.11 ¶3
What is the matter presented to us about which we are inquiring? Pleasure (for example). Subject it to the rule, throw it into the balance. Ought the good to be such a thing that it is fit that we have confidence in it? Yes. And in which we ought to confide? It ought to be. Is it fit to trust to anything which is insecure? No. Is then pleasure anything secure? No. Take it then and throw it out of the scale, and drive it far away from the place of good things. But if you are not sharp-sighted, and one balance is not enough for you, bring another. Is it fit to be elated over what is good? Yes. Is it proper then to be elated over present pleasure? See that you do not say that it is proper; but if you do, I shall then not think you worthy even of the balance. Thus things are tested and weighed when the rules are ready. And to philosophize is this: to examine and confirm the rules. And then to use them when they are known is the act of a wise and good man.
Cite this passage
Epictetus, Discourses 2.11 ¶3, tr. George Long (1877)
https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/2.11.3
Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences
In plain English
AI-written notesTest any candidate for the good by asking whether it is secure and trustworthy. Pleasure fails because it is fleeting and not something to rely on or be proud of, so it should not rank among the real goods; philosophy is the work of examining and confirming such rules and then using them.
Older wording
- “elated”
- — lifted up with joy or pride
Themes and situations
- Pleasure and pain
- Judgements and impressions
- Desire and craving
- Virtue and character
- Breaking a bad habit
- Money, status and wanting more
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