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What Would Stoics Do

Epictetus · c. 50 – c. 135 CE

Discourses 3.14 ¶1–3 — Epictetus

From “Certain Miscellaneous Matters”

Translation by George Long (1877)

Epictetus, Discourses 3.14 ¶1–3

As bad tragic actors cannot sing alone, but in company with many: so some persons cannot walk about alone. Man, if you are anything, both walk alone and talk to yourself, and do not hide yourself in the chorus. Examine a little at last, look around, stir yourself up, that you may know who you are. When a man drinks water, or does anything for the sake of practice (discipline), whenever there is an opportunity he tells it to all: “I drink water.” Is it for this that you drink water, for the purpose of drinking water? Man, if it is good for you to drink, drink; but if not, you are acting ridiculously. But if it is good for you and you do drink, say nothing about it to those who are displeased with water-drinkers. What then, do you wish to please these very men? Of things that are done some are done with a final purpose (προηγουμένως), some according to occasion, others with a certain reference to circumstances, others for the purpose of complying with others, and some according to a fixed scheme of life.
— Epictetus, Discourses 3.14 ¶1–3 · tr. George Long (1877)Read in context →

Cite this passage

Epictetus, Discourses 3.14 ¶1–3, tr. George Long (1877)

https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/discourses/3.14.1

Epictetus, Discourses (as recorded by Arrian), tr. George Long (1877). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences

Read Book III, Chapter 14 in context →

In plain English

AI-written notes

Learn to be on your own and to examine yourself rather than hiding in the crowd. If you practise a discipline such as drinking only water, do it quietly because it benefits you, and do not announce it to people who disapprove, since seeking their approval defeats the point.

Older wording

“final purpose”
— a primary goal, done for its own sake

Themes and situations

  • Solitude and retreat
  • Pride and humility
  • Self-discipline and habit
  • Reputation and others' opinions
  • Learning and progress

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