Seneca · c. 4 BCE – 65 CE
On Benefits 1.9 ¶3 — Seneca
Translation by Aubrey Stewart (1887)
Seneca, On Benefits 1.9 ¶3
Men nowadays no longer secretly, but openly outrage the wives of others, and allow to others access to their own wives. A match is thought countrified, uncivilized, in bad style, and to be protested against by all matrons, if the husband should forbid his wife to appear in public in a litter, and to be carried about exposed to the gaze of all observers. If a man has not made himself notorious by a liaison with some mistress, if he does not pay an annuity to someone else’s wife, married women speak of him as a poor-spirited creature, a man given to low vice, a lover of servant girls. Soon adultery becomes the most respectable form of marriage, and widowhood and celibacy are commonly practised. No one takes a wife unless he takes her away from someone else. Now men vie with one another in wasting what they have stolen, and in collecting together what they have wasted with the keenest avarice; they become utterly reckless, scorn poverty in others, fear personal injury more than anything else, break the peace by their riots, and by violence and terror domineer over those who are weaker than themselves. No wonder that they plunder provinces and offer the seat of judgment for sale, knocking it down after an auction to the highest bidder, since it is the law of nations that you may sell what you have bought.
Cite this passage
Seneca, On Benefits 1.9 ¶3, tr. Aubrey Stewart (1887)
https://whatwouldstoicsdo.com/passage/on-benefits/1.9.3
Seneca, Dialogues, tr. Aubrey Stewart (1887–1889). Text: Standard Ebooks (CC0). Sources and licences
In plain English
AI-written notesA satirical complaint that Roman society has grown so corrupt that adultery is fashionable, stolen wealth is squandered, the weak are bullied and judgeships are sold at auction. It is social commentary on its own era and gives no practical guidance.
Older wording
- “matrons”
- — married women of good standing
- “liaison”
- — a secret love affair
- “annuity”
- — a fixed yearly payment
Themes and situations
- Justice and fairness
- Virtue and character
- Wealth and poverty
Quote cards
The opening line of this passage as an image, with its citation — for sharing or keeping.